Preface  vii

Part I. Introduction  1
1. Learning and Behavior   1
2. A Behavior Taxonomy  8

Part II. Behavior Without Learning  18
3. Evolution and Development  18
4. Motor and Sensory Systems  27
5. Elicited and Emitted Behavior  38

Part III. Learning Without Words: Consequences  47
6. Consequences of Responding: Reinforcement  47
7. Reinforcers as Opportunities for Behavior  58
8. Reinforcement, Free Reinforcement and Extinction  67
9. Consequences of Responding: Punishment  74
10. Consequences of Responding: Escape and Avoidance  83

Part IV. Learning Without Words: Operant Classes  91
11. Operants: The Selection of Behavior  91
12. The Structure of Operants  101
13. Motivating Variables and Reinforcer Classes  109

Part V. Learning Without Words: Contingencies  119
14. Parameters of Reinforcement: Schedules and Delays  119
15. Discriminated Operants: Stimulus Control  131
16. Conditional Discrimination and Stimulus Classes  145
17. Sources of Novel Behavior  156
18. Behavior Synthesis  168

Part VI. Learning Without Words: Conditioning  181
19. Respondent Behavior: Conditioning  181
20. Operant-Respondent Interactions: Emotion  191

Part VII. Learning with Words: Verbal Behavior  19
21. Social Learning  198
22. Words as Stimuli and Responses  205
23. Antecedents and Consequences of Words  215
24. Contact of Verbal Behavior with the Environment  223
25. Verbal Behavior Conditional on Verbal Behavior  235

Part VIII. When Verbal and Nonverbal Behavior Interact  241
26. Verbal Governance  241
27. Prejudice as Verbally Governed Discrimination  254
28. Verbal Function: Coordinations among Classes  263

Part IX. Remembering and Knowing  272
29. Remembering  272
30. Knowing  283

Part X. Conclusion  294
31. Applied Behavior Analysis  294
32. Learning and Behavior Revisited  304

Appendices  317
Glossary  325
References  351
Name Index
Subject Index